Mental Retardation 弱智 and Intelligence Quotient 智商 (IQ)
Mental Retardation (弱智)
Mental Retardation is
characterized by significantly subaverage intellectual
functioning associated with the limitation of two or more the
following areas:
'Communication, self-care, home living, social skills, community use, self-direction, health and safety, functional academics, leisure and work. '
Determination of IQ (智商)
IQ = (mental age /
chronological age) X 100. It is based on standardized
psychological tests.
Two popular psychological
tests are used for testing intelligence:
| Name of Test | Age Range | Scoring |
| Weshsler Intelligence Scale for Children - III | 6-16 yrs | Provides verbal, no-verbal problem solving and a full scale scores. The mean score is 100 with one standard deviation of +/- 15 points. |
| Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale 4th-Ed | 2 yrs - adult | Tasks are grouped by age level. The mean score is 100 with standard deviation of 16 points. For school-aged children, the test is focused on verbal reasoning skill. |
Classification of Mental Retardation
| IQ | Classification | Outcome |
| 55-69 | Mild | 1.Identify in
late preschool. 2.Able in achieve a degree of literacy 3.Able to be employed in unskilled or semi-skilled capacities 4.Live independently with little supervision. |
| 40-54 | Moderate | 1.Identify at
preschool years. 2.Able to achieve basic academic skills. 3.Able to be employed at sheltered workshops. 4.Live in community based home |
| 25-39 | Severe | 1.Identify in
infancy 2.Total dependence. |
| <25 | Profound | Same as Severe retarded |
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